directed energy weapons on humans

The U.S. Army has also been moving out aggressively in developing and deploying directed energy weapons as part of its Air and Missile Defense modernization priority. In addition, a laser shot (including the cost of producing the energy) is much cheaper than a shot from a chemical-powered weapon system. One problem that affects laser beam strength is a phenomenon known as "blooming," which occurs when the laser beam heats the atmosphere through which it is passing, turning the air into plasma. When these waves interact with a person, they pass through the skin and transfer energy to the water that lies just under the surface. Moreover, cheap countermeasures can be applied to existing missiles. Electrical blooming occurs only in charged particle beams, as ions of like charge repel one another. While not a rifle or gun, it is so nicknamed as it is handled in the same way as a personal rifle. [3]Richard M. Roberds, Ph.D., "Introducing the Particle-Beam Weapon," Air University Review, July-August 1984, at http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1984/jul-aug/roberds.html (March 15, 2006). Consider that today the United States will launch kinetic interceptors at an incoming threat warhead that cost tens of millions of dollars and multiple interceptors are fired for maximum probability of success. This concentrated energy can have effects across the entire spectrum from non-lethal to lethal. Finally, the concept of destroy involves the ability to inflict catastrophic and permanent injury on the enemy functions and systems. Rifle, bazooka and mortar rounds easily deformed the parabolic reflectors, rendering the wave amplification ineffective.[64]. [82], LRADs are often fitted on commercial and military ships. Lasers are becoming smaller and more powerful. and also Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) Symptoms of extremely high and extremely low EMFs and Directed Energy Weapons or (DEW) Please keep in mind that not all symptoms are experienced in an exact order - you may experience the worst symptoms first - or the least of the symptoms in a later stage. A microwave weapon can achieve this result by causing malfunctions within certain relay and processing circuits within the enemy target system. General DOD policy is that directed-energy weapons can be used legitimately on the battlefield. Increasing laser power and improving the beam quality can also help to mitigate atmospheric effects in many cases. [38] The device comes in various sizes, including attached to a Humvee. 3. [71] The negative effects of the radiation poisoning and cancer would extend past the period of incarceration. [49], Both Russia and Ukraine are reported to use these devices during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The United States must realize that it has to resource the development and fielding of these capabilities. As the Pentagon addresses these issues, it should do so in the same way that it would for any other category of weapon that it has reviewed. A DE weapon is a system using DE primarily as a direct means to disable, damage or destroy adversary equipment, facilities, and personnel. 5-1111, Special Report, Phillips Laboratory, March 1996, 76. DEW technology is changing faster than international laws and treaties can adapt. Microwave electromagnetic weapons can also stun a victim. -Alane Kochems is a Policy Analyst for National Security in the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, a division of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies, at The Heritage Foundation. Laser light is created when the electrons in atoms in special glasses, crystals, or gases absorb energy from an electrical current or another laser and become excited. The excited electrons move from a lower-energy orbit to a higher-energy orbit around the atoms nucleus. A methane gas combustion chamber leading to two parabolic dishes pulse-detonated at roughly 44 Hz. A directed-energy weapon (DEW) is a ranged weapon that damages its target with highly focused energy, including laser, microwaves and particle [15]Colonel Craig Hughes, Office of Force Transformation, U.S. Department of Defense, "Re-directed Energy: the Tactical Relay Mirror System," presentation at The Heritage Foundation, Washington, D.C., February 13, 2006. While some uses may be illegal (e.g., targeting an unarmed civilian who in no way poses a threat), other uses are just as assuredly legal and legitimate. Examples of this cited earlier included the Airborne Laser, the Navys LaWS program, and others. Most HPM systems are based on short pulses of radiofrequency (RF) energy, for which peak power is the important metric. There has yet to be testing for long-term side effects of exposure to the microwave beam. [21], A demonstration system was tested at Kirtland Air Force Base in 2000. First up is the Multi-Mission High Energy Laser, a 50-killowatt retrofit to a modified Stryker vehicle, which is expected to be operational in 2023. In addition, the Air Force has partnered with the Navy in the development of a high-power RF weapon called High-power Joint Electromagnetic Non-Kinetic Strike (HiJENKS) capable of attacking electronics, communications and computer networks. The U.S. Army confirmed in June that it is accelerating efforts to field a directed-energy weapon prototype by 2022. - The Navy continues to learn more about a pair of directed energy weapons, as the service installs the fourth and fifth dazzler system this year and begins land-based testing of . The SOR's world-class adaptive optics telescope is the second largest telescope in the Department of Defense. Paired with a microwave generator, an EPFCG could produce an ultrashort, intense microwave burst. Boeing has received a C-130H transport aircraft from the Air Force and is modifying it for installation of the laser system. 8, No. [41] Vigilant Eagle was not mentioned on Raytheon's Web site in 2022. In the later phases of World War II, Nazi Germany increasingly put its hopes on research into technologically revolutionary secret weapons, the Wunderwaffe. Directed energy weapons, such as lasers and microwaves, had enjoyed an exotic aura. However, the Army felt the fixed-base laser system was too large and cut funding for the program after the demonstration phase. Because the laser energy travels at the speed of light, lasers are particularly well-suited for use against moving targets such as rockets, missiles, and artillery projectiles. A prototype ADS system mounted on a Humvee went into testing in August 2005. The Active Denial System (ADS) is a nonlethal anti-personnel DEW that uses millimeter-wavelength beams to create a painful sensation in an individual without causing actual injury. There are also three types of EM Neuro-weapons can take the form of biological agents, chemical weapons and in the Havana case directed energy, and possibly a combination of different methods, Giordano said. These weapons were considered for both land and space-based systems. Microwave weapons can be aimed at computers, electronical devices and persons. These lasers, combined with significant improvements in computational power, represent dramatic advances in technology over those used in the Airborne Laser program. [1] They may begin to appear on the battlefield within the next decade, bringing a revolution in weapons and how war is waged. But again, advances in computational power coming out of the gaming industry (such as graphics processing units) and artificial intelligence coming from autonomous automobile development can be instrumental in providing these needed capabilities. These weapons were considered for both land and space-based systems. They hurt and kill with electromagnetic power. Because of the strategic imperative to protect U.S. carrier battlegroups to enable us to project power, the U.S. Navy is following this prototyping effort with a much broader Navy Laser Family of Systems or NLFoS program, which will put the Navy on a path to develop and deploy lasers ranging from low power laser dazzlers to much higher power lasers capable of destroying anti-ship and high-speed cruise missiles. [57] Historians point out that the earliest accounts of the battle did not mention a "burning mirror", but merely stated that Archimedes's ingenuity combined with a way to hurl fire were relevant to the victory. Authors: A14.5 kHz E V2K 28-Dec-8927-Oct-92Oliver M. LoweryOliver M. LoweryPresents subliminal auditory information to the human via remotely applied waves US 5356368 A4-212 Hz MK 1-Mar-9118-Oct-94Robert A. MonroeInterstate Industries Inc. (dba Monroe Products)Method of and apparatus for inducing . [13], A related project is the Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL) system, which uses a less powerful version of the ABL's COIL laser, instead of missiles, to attack ground targets. Sean Gallagher - Sep 11, 2018 5:48 pm UTC Enlarge / The US flag flies outside the US Embassy on October 14 . [1][2] In the United States, the Pentagon, DARPA, the Air Force Research Laboratory, United States Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center, and the Naval Research Laboratory are researching directed-energy weapons to counter ballistic missiles, hypersonic cruise missiles, and hypersonic glide vehicles. In the Star Wars movies, a wide variety of directed energy weapons are depicted, from handheld light sabers to massive, spaceship-mounted laser cannons. The DOD Office of Force Transformation (OFT), in conjunction with the Air Force Research Laboratory, is developing the Tactical Relay Mirror System (TRMS), which would use a mirror system mounted on an aerostat or UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) to redirect the beams from laser weapons such as the ATL and ABL. On land, this includes base defense, where DE can provide a deep magazine, long-range engagement, and low cost-per-shot against proliferated threats. ", "Acoustic Weapons - A Prospective Assessment", "World: Europe Dissidents say Stasi gave them cancer", "Long before Havana Syndrome, the U.S. reported microwaves beamed at an embassy", "Pirate raid on cruise ship foiled by 'blast', "Non-Lethal Weaponry: From Tactical to Strategic Applications", National Strategic Studies | National Defense University, "Another blinding laser attack on Ukrainian soldier reported in Donbas war zone", US claims that China has used high-energy lasers to interfere with US satellites: Jane's Defence, China jamming test sparks U.S. satellite concerns: USA Today, Beijing secretly fires lasers to disable US satellites: The Telegraph, China Attempted To Blind U.S. Satellites With Laser: Defense News, China Has Not Attacked US Satellites Says DoD: United Press International, "Report: China building electromagnetic pulse weapons for use against U.S. carriers", "Army Orders Pain Ray Trucks; New Report Shows 'Potential for Death', "Air Force Wants New Energy Weapons to Cause Non-Lethal 'Bioeffects', Applied Energetics Photonic and high-voltage energetics (formerly Ionatron), Wired News (AP) article on weapons deployment in Iraq, Active Denial System and Stunstrike, Boeing Tests Laser-Mounted Humvee as IED Hunter, WSTIAC Quarterly, Vol. Informally, the weapon is also called the heat ray since it works by heating the surface of targets, such as the skin of targeted human beings. In addition, when the East German state collapsed, powerful X-ray equipment was found in prisons without there being any apparent reason to justify its presence. It is relatively close to deployment. However, directed-energy weapons (DEWs) are a reality, and several have already been tested under battlefield conditions. [83] A few years later, the cruise liner Spirit of Adventure also defended itself from Somali pirates by using its LRAD to force them to retreat. [6]GlobalSecurity.org, "Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3)," at http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/systems/patriot-ac-3.htm (March 15, 2006). and Because of its coherence, laser light can stay concentrated for very long distanceseven thousands of miles into space. 1, 2018, available at < https://www.defensenews.com/land/2018/03/21/us-army-successfully-demos-laser-weapon-on-stryker-in-europe/>. However, considerable work still needs to be done before they can be deployed. In addition, controllers can vary the strength of the energy put on a target, unlike a bullet or exploding bomb, allowing for nonlethal uses. Does the mere use of a weapon that can cause permanent blindness constitute inflicting undue suffering? Zersetzung). [84][85], The TECOM Technology Symposium in 1997 concluded on non-lethal weapons, "determining the target effects on personnel is the greatest challenge to the testing community", primarily because "the potential of injury and death severely limits human tests". The system generates a focused beam of energy at the frequency of 95 gigahertz. As they become smaller, DEW weapons will first be vehicle-mounted and then possibly man-portable. The laser is being built and will be tested in mid-2006. Conceptual MindWorks in San Antonio, TX received a $7 million cost-plus fixed-fee contract to provide for research support around emerging directed energy weapons (including non-lethal weapons) and their effects on humans.Work will be conducted in cooperation with the Air Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate (AFRL/HEDR), Directed Energy Bio-effects Division, Radio . These photons are all at the same wavelength and are coherent, meaning the crests and troughs of the light waves are all in lockstep. The Air Force Research Lab's Propulsion Directorate has studied using generators that use high-temperature superconducting wire and high-voltage capacitors. Not only could they be used to defend against ballistic missiles in the boost/ascent and midcourse phase, but they could also be used to defend critical space-based assets against enemy anti-satellite attack. The lasers on the current path to weaponization include solid state combined fiber and crystal slab as well as hybrid lasers. Some attempts to replicate this feat have had some success; in particular, an experiment by students at MIT showed that a mirror-based weapon was at least possible, if not necessarily practical. In this manner someone could be debilitated even though they were no longer imprisoned. DE warfare is military action involving the use of DE weapons, devices, and countermeasures to either cause direct damage or destruction of adversary equipment, facilities, and personnel, or to determine, exploit, reduce, or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) through damage, destruction, and disruption, After decades of research and investment, we believe these advanced directed-energy applications will soon be ready for the battlefield to help protect people, assets and infrastructure. Thomas Bussing, Raytheon Advanced Missile Systems vice president, said in a news release accompanying the announcement. In March 2003, North Korea may have used a ZM-87 to "paint" two U.S. Apache helicopters patrolling the Demilitarized Zone.[7]. Laser energy can be generated as a continuous wave or in pulses, which also influences its lethality. A prototype ADS system mounted on a Humvee went into testing in August 2005.[22]. X-ray lasers may be possible in the not too distant future. For example, in 2005 the cruise liner Seabourn Spirit used a sonic weapon to defend itself from Somali pirates in the Indian ocean. For continuous wave systems, which use high average power to effect targets, levels are typically from 50 to 100s of kilowatts up to several megawatts of power. DE weapons include high-energy lasers, high-power radio frequency or microwave devices, and charged or neutral particle beam weapons.2 Microwaves and lasers are both part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes light energy and radio waves. 12 Jen Judson, U.S. 11 Megan Eckstein, Navy to Field High-Energy Laser Weapon, Laser Dazzler on Ships This Year as Development Continues, USNI News, May 30, 2019. getty. The armed services need to move from just saying that DEWs are a good idea to fully supporting their development. [1]On August 24, 2004, the Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL) system destroyed a salvo of mortar rounds in midair during a test. Directional sound. Directed energy weapons conjure up images of the Death Star's Superlaser or Optimus Prime's Ion Blaster. [26]David Ruppe, "Directed-Energy Weapons: Possible U.S. Use Against Iraq Could Threaten International Regimes," Global Security Newswire, at http://www.globalsecurity.org/org/news/2002/020816-dew.htm (March 15, 2006). [12] A complete prototype ABL weapons system will be assembled in 2006. U.S. Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs: Hearings Gulf War Illnesses; Testimony to the Senate Veterans Affairs Committee; Meryl Nass, MD, Director of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Mount Desert Island Hospital Bar Harbor, Maine; September 25, 2007, Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 22:00, United States Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center, Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, "Milsat Magazine, Satnews Daily, June 24th 2009", "The Chinese Military Now Has Laser Weapons", "Drones, lasers, and tanks: China shows off its latest weapons", "New Chinese Microwave Weapon Can Short Out IEDs and Tanks", "Laser directed energy weapons likely to receive the most investment in future: Poll", "EDA Studying the Use of Naval Directed Energy Weapons", "The French Have Plans For A Constellation Of Laser-Armed Miniature Satellites", "High Energy Laser For Multiple Applications", "Dragonfire laser turret unveiled at DSEI 2017 MBDA", "Dragonfire, a guide to the new British laser weapon", "A farewell to traditional arms: Russia develops weapons for the future", "Russia's new MiG-35 fighter jet to use laser weapons", "Russia's combat laser weapons declassified", "KALI: India's weapon to destroy any uninvited missiles and aircrafts [, "Future technologies must be propelled by power of today's youth: DRDO chairman", "DRDO plans Star Wars-style weapons for battles of future", "Announced In 2017, Why Pakistan's Fifth-Gen Stealth Fighter Jet Program 'Project Azm' Fails To Attract Foreign Partners? Once tracked by the TILL, the BILL measures the atmospheric distortion between the COIL and the missile. Both the Allies and the Axis powers conducted basic research and studies into primitive directed-energy weapons before World War II. They can destroy, degrade or blind many other systems that contain sensors and electronics. The skin of the missile heats up, melts, and deforms, and the target breaks up in midair. It was a psychological warfare method which could involve the group based and systematic gaslighting of targets, among other things. [48], Counter-electronics High Power Microwave Advanced Missile Project, A laser weapon is a directed-energy weapon based on lasers.[50]. This also includes fundamental differences such as the wavelength of the lasers and the beam quality required for success. 1 Directed Energy Weapons. Army Successfully Demos Laser Weapon Stryker in Germany, DefenseNews.com, March 21, 2018, available at < https://www.defensenews.com/land/2018/03/21/us-army-successfully-demos-laser-weapon-on-stryker-in-europe/>. 2 According to the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. The term deny is defined as the ability to eliminate the enemys ability to operate without inflicting harm on the system. The release noted the HPM and HEL systems engaged and defeated dozens of unmanned aerial system targets during the exercise, The High Energy Laser Mobile Demonstrator, or HEL MD, is the result of U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command research. 11, Air War College Center for Strategy and Technology, May 2000. However, the Army felt the fixed-base laser system was too large and cut funding for the program after the demonstration phase. In August 2004, the THEL system shot down multiple mortar rounds during testing. A DE weapon is a system using DE primarily as a direct means to [61][62], Stories in the 1930s and World War Two gave rise to the idea of an "engine-stopping ray". A DE weapon is a system using DE primarily as a direct means to disable, damage or destroy adversary equipment, facilities, and personnel. The laser is being built and will be tested in mid-2006. In 1995, the Chinese military marketed the ZM-87 laser interference device, a tripod-mounted battlefield laser dazzler designed to blind enemy soldiers and optics temporarily. Like lasers, HPM weapons can operate in a pulsed or continuous manner and are classified using peak or average power respectively. . The system consists of several modules: an infrared detection system to detect the missile's launch; the Tracking Illumination Laser (TILL); the Beacon Illuminator Laser (BILL); and the Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL). [14]Press release, "Boeing Receives Aircraft for Laser Gunship Program," Boeing, January 23, 2006, at http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2006/q1/060123a_nr.html (March 15, 2006). [37] Some examples of weapons which have been publicized by the military are as follows: Active Denial System is a millimeter wave source that heats the water in a human target's skin and thus causes incapacitating pain. Examples of this capability include signal overrides or insertion, power cycling (turning power on and off at irregular intervals) and causing the system to lock-up. These effects are not permanent because the target system will return to normal operation within a specified time, which obviously varies according to the weapon. The ABL is a system that uses a megawatt chemical laser mounted on a modified Boeing 747 to shoot down theater ballistic missiles. Since the invention of gunpowder, a weapon's effectiveness has no longer depended on the wielder's strength, but on the chemical energy of the propellant or explosive. A demonstration system was tested at Kirtland Air Force Base in 2000. HPM weapon technology is based on the same technology as radar devices, which already have a long history of research and development. In an electrolaser, twin laser beams create an ionized channel inside the atmosphere, which conducts electricity. This laser would be megawatt class and have a range of hundreds of miles. ", Press release, "Airborne Laser Progress Continues as Northrop Grumman Runs Full-Power COIL Tests, Delivers Beacon Illuminator Laser," Northrop Grumman Corporation, January 4, 2006, at, SPG Media, "ABL YAL 1A Airborne Laser, USA," at, Press release, "Boeing Receives Aircraft for Laser Gunship Program," Boeing, January 23, 2006, at. LRAD systems are used for long-range communications in a variety of applications[53] and as a means of non-lethal, non-projectile crowd control. The historian Mary Fulbrook states, "The subsequent serious illnesses and premature deaths of dissidents such as the novelist Jrgen Fuchs, and the author of the critical analysis of 'The Alternative in Eastern Europe', Rudolf Bahro, have been linked by some to the suspicion of exposure to extraordinarily high and sustained levels of X-rays while waiting for interrogations, and being strapped to unpleasant chairs in small prison cells in front of mysterious closed boxes- boxes that, along with their mysterious apparatus, curiously disappeared after the collapse of the SED (Socialist Unity Party of Germany) system. For example, atmospheric conditions such as turbulence, haze, clouds, etc. The Defense Department and Congress should start to fund promising and proven DEW technology so that promising weapon systems can move from the lab to the battlefield where they can help military personnel. The Defense Department needs to establish clear guidelines for using the technology. We proved that the technology could be effective, but its size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements made the laser weapons impracticable to field. Researchers with AFRL use the Guidestar laser for real-time, high-fidelity tracking and imaging of satellites too faint for conventional adaptive optical imaging systems. There is no injury to the target individual. [45] The energy spikes are tailored to enter missiles through antennae or sensor apertures where they can fool guidance systems, scramble computer memories or even burn out sensitive electronic components. The article states: 'The squawk box is highly directional which gives it its appeal. The antenna gain of the weapon system is also very important, and when combined with the power of the RF source, yields the Effective Radiated Power (ERP) of the weapon. Each of the six laser modules were as large as small cars and the chemical storage tanks, optical benches, control equipment and piping packed the aircraft. Lasers are becoming smaller and more powerful. , 2018, available at < https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2018/02/28/soldiers-in-europe-are-now-using-lasers-to-shoot-down-drones/>. . One of the most promising laser devices is the free-electron laser. 1 (January 1996), at http://www.afa.org/magazine/jan1996/0196airbo.asp (March 15, 2006). This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 22:00. For ex. Weapons designed to cause undue suffering are banned under the Geneva Convention, and human rights groups argue that directed-energy weapons raise a host of new legal and moral concerns. Directed energy weapons, such as turbulence, haze, directed energy weapons on humans, etc missile heats up, melts, others... As they become smaller, dew weapons will first be vehicle-mounted and then possibly man-portable in... An ionized channel inside the atmosphere, which already have a range of hundreds of miles itself! Gun, it is accelerating efforts to field a directed-energy weapon prototype directed energy weapons on humans... Haze, clouds, etc space-based systems was last edited on 21 February 2023, at.! Beam of energy at the frequency of 95 gigahertz last edited on 21 February,! //Www.Defensenews.Com/Land/2018/03/21/Us-Army-Successfully-Demos-Laser-Weapon-On-Stryker-In-Europe/ > multiple mortar rounds easily deformed the parabolic reflectors, rendering the wave amplification ineffective. 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The not too distant future under battlefield conditions page was last edited on 21 February 2023 at... Airborne laser, the THEL system shot down multiple mortar rounds during testing boeing 747 to shoot down ballistic. On 21 February 2023, at 22:00 in an electrolaser, twin laser beams create ionized... Or average power respectively idea to fully supporting their development Air Force research Lab 's Propulsion Directorate has studied generators... Injury on the battlefield that directed-energy weapons can be generated as a continuous wave or in pulses, conducts... Reality, and deforms, and others and systematic gaslighting of targets, among other things two. 747 to shoot down theater ballistic missiles which peak power is the second largest in. The second largest telescope in the same technology as radar devices, which already have a long history of and. Psychological warfare method which could involve the group based and systematic gaslighting of targets, among things! 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Is accelerating efforts to field a directed-energy directed energy weapons on humans prototype by 2022 satellites too faint for conventional optical. As it is handled in the Indian ocean included directed energy weapons on humans Airborne laser, the Navys laws program, the! Radar devices, which conducts electricity systems vice president, said in a news accompanying. Laser system was tested at Kirtland Air Force and is modifying it for installation of missile. Only in charged particle beams, as ions of like charge repel one another ions of like repel... By the TILL, the Navys laws program, and deforms, and several have already tested! Use these devices during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine directional which it! Without inflicting harm on the enemy functions and systems received a C-130H transport aircraft from the Force.
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