He did not share his opinion with the king. It was More's execution - far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole - which established the king's reputation for capricious cruelty. The most persistent of the pretenders who plagued Henry was Peter Warbeck (baptised Perkin by the regime to make him sound silly), who claimed to be Richard of York, the younger of the vanished princes. In the end, he could not be persuaded. In The Kings Curse (2014) she was ground up by the great fictionalising machine that is Philippa Gregory, and in 2003 she was the subject of a major biography by Hazel Pierce: Margaret Pole: Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership. Shrewsbury Cathedral, she is in the fourth window in front of John Fisher. Mores connection to Morton had earlier secured him admittance to Oxford, where he studied for two years, mastering Greek and Latin with an instinct of genius, and studying a wide variety of subjects, including music. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. Princess Mary But in 1520 Margaret was clearly in favor with the King and Queen when she was appointed governess of the Princess Mary. Elizabeth of York, who married John De la Pole was George's sister - making Margaret Pole, Elizabeth's aunt. But in late June she was back at court by the side of Queen Jane, and the king was looking forward to an era of peace and fertility. Contemporary chroniclers often referred to him as a friend of the poor. Later in life, he bitterly resented her abandonment of him. Now he decided to seriously test his religious convictions. She was the niece of Edward IV and Richard III of England by way of their brother George Plantagenet, 1 st Duke of Clarence. Through her website she keeps lively links with readers and writers. Margaret Poles death, notoriously, was not a clean end. An Exclusive First Look at Laura Carmichael as Maggie Pole in the Series Finale of The Spanish Princess Watch as she confronts Sir Thomas More. They were preventing her marriage to the king. Margaret's loyalty was to Katherine of Aragon and to her daughter Princess Mary to whom she was governess and godmother. Unfortunately for More, Henry appointed him Lord Chancellor of England. Chapuys suggested to Emperor Charles V that Reginald marry Mary and combine their dynastic claims. Gaily agreeing that the chief female virtues are meekness and self-effacement, they managed estates, signed off accounts, bought wardships and brokered marriage settlements, all the while keeping up a steady output of needlework. It was Mores impassioned speeches against this large and unjust burden that made the king reduce it by more than two thirds. Chapuys wrote two weeks after the execution that one hundred and fifty witnesses were present for the execution, including the Lord Mayor of London. Those two could only get along for short while before things got heated. Thomas More: A very brief history June 29, 2017; Henry VIII's Westminster Tournament 1511 June 5, 2017; Pierces book is thorough and scholarly, and her work is acknowledged in Higginbothams biography, which is less detailed, but serious and judicious. As a young king, he was named Defender of the Faith by the pope for defending the church against Protestant heresy; his Lord Chancellor was Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. Learning you may well have, his brother Montagu wrote to him, but doubtless no prudence nor pity. Reginald had compared himself to a surgeon ready to cut away diseased flesh from the body of England: not the most tactful metaphor, when your anointed king is dragging about with an ulcerated leg. His choice was Jane Colt, the eldest daughter of a gentleman farmer. She is the daughter of a duke and the niece of two kings, Edward IV and Richard III. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618. by Susan Higginbotham. Her son Reginald described himself afterwards as son of a martyr and in 1886, Pope Leo XIII had Margaret Pole beatified as a martyr. Elizabeth Darrell, later Thomas Wyatts mistress, refused the oath; Lady Hussey, wife of one of Marys household, was imprisoned because she would not accept Marys exclusion from the succession and insisted on addressing her as a princess. In May 1515, More was sent to Bruges as part of a delegation arranged by Wolsey to revise an Anglo-Flemish commercial treaty. Anne was the anointed queen. Margaret's only surviving sibling was Edward, Earl of Warwick. It was Mores execution far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole which established the kings reputation for capricious cruelty. Cromwell was an astute politician whose beliefs changed at the whim of his royal master. Birth date: February 7, 1478. . He was Dean of Exeter and Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as well as a canon of York. She was attended by servants and received an extensive grant of clothing in March 1541. Mores eldest daughter Margaret would become the first non-royal Englishwoman to publish a work in translation. He handled his responsibilities with his usual skill, but it was a balancing act, and an increasingly dangerous one. Edward IV died in 1483 when Margaret was ten. The axe hit her shoulder instead of her neck, and she escaped the guards and ran around screaming as the executioner chased her with the axe. Her heads. He lived in relative poverty, for he held no office and relied solely upon the hundred pounds per annum he collected from a property rental. But Margaret kept any dissident thoughts to herself, avoiding jeopardy until, in the summer of 1536, the actions of her son Reginald plunged her whole family into trouble. The queen had suffered a series of miscarriages throughout their marriage; their only surviving child was the Princess Mary. Henry VII paid for Richard's funeral. [10], When Mary was declared a bastard in 1533, Margaret refused to give Mary's gold plate and jewels back to Henry. The alleged plot between the earl and Warbeck was flimsy and perhaps government-sponsored, but both men were tried and executed. Then, her prayers completed, she faced the incompetent axeman. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots. Katharine was the kings true wife. Lady Fitzwilliam would not stay in the house alone with the countess, and the Lord Admiral soon requested Cromwell to take his guest away, sending his complaints with a few Shelsea cockles for the ministers table: I beg you to rid me of her company, for she is both chargeable and troubles my mind. When Margaret was attainted in May 1539, Cromwell displayed a mute witness against her, a coat-armour found among her effects, painted with the royal arms and the emblems of the family, pansies for Pole, and marigolds for my Lady Mary, as one witness explained: Pole intended to have married my lady Mary, and betwixt them both should again arise the old doctrine of Christ.. And his old friend, the duke of Norfolk, took care to warn him of his danger, Indignatio principis mors est. To which More famously replied, Is that all, my lord? For example, as Lord Chancellor, More proclaimed the opinion of the English universities as favorable to the kings annulment. Margaret would have had a claim to the Earldom of Warwick, but the earldom was forfeited on the attainder of her brother Edward.[4]. In 1886, Margaret would be beatified by Pope Leo XIII as a martyr to Henrys regime. The National Archives, minsters' accounts, SC6/HENVIII. Certainly Henry wanted Mores support. It was Gertrude Courtenay, Marchioness of Exeter, who claimed to be brittle and fragile; one of the most persistent of the aristocratic plotters against Henry, she was in trouble in 1533 for her contacts with Elizabeth Barton, the Nun of Kent, whose florid line in prophecy was discomfiting to the regime. Richard III sent the children to Sheriff Hutton Castle in Yorkshire. She began to write for the. Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. The nun sought out eminent supporters, especially those who, like Margaret and like Gertrudes husband, had a claim to the throne, and pressed on them the contents of her visions: unless he went back to his wife and to Rome, Henry would expire in torments. A possible portrait of Margaret Pole (c. 1535). His position at court meant that he was to be the kings advocate before parliament. Chapuys wrote that, "at first, when the sentence of death was made known to her, she found the thing very strange, not knowing of what crime she was accused, nor how she had been sentenced". Margaret, wife of Sir William Harington. Thomas More is the "Man For All Seasons" in the title of the play. [15][16], On the morning of 28 May 1541, Margaret was told she was to die within the hour. But with him away from court there were outside influences on their relationship that neither brother could see coming. Margaret was 14, and probably remained at court rather than living with her husband. When she reached her teens, a marriage was arranged with Richard Pole, a modest landowner with solid Tudor connections, who had been rewarded for loyalty by being made constable of several Welsh castles. Fortunately for the old cardinal, he died before the king could kill him. He sent envoys. The accounts differ slightly; Marillac's report, dispatched two days afterwards, recorded that the execution took place in a corner of the Tower with so few people present that, in the evening, news of her execution was doubted. After Katherina of Aragon's death, Princess Mary turned toward Margaret Pole as a second mother, and now her father was going to take away this beloved maternal figure from her as well. Margaret and Richard Pole had five children, born between about 1492 and 1504: four sons and the youngest a daughter. He died young (about 1526) having married the heir of Roger Lewknor. Margarets youngest son, Geoffrey, probably under threat of torture, denounced not only his own family but the Courtenay clan and other prominent members of the old families. The next year, the late king's marriage was declared invalid by the statute Titulus Regius of 1484, making his children illegitimate. It is meant to contrast with the reality of European rule, divided by ideologies and greed and self-interest. ), St. Marie's Church in New Bilton, Rugby, England. Both men were enthusiastic Humanist scholars, but they parted ways with regard to the kings prerogative. EXECUTED: 27 MAY 1541. [12] In May 1536, Reginald finally and definitively broke with the king. Margarets aunt, Anne Neville, thus became queen. His crusade against his native land was never launched, but many years later he would return, Archbishop of Canterbury to Mary Tudor, and join in heresy-hunting and the burning of reformers. After Henry's second wife, Anne Boleyn, was arrested, and eventually executed, Margaret was permitted to return to Court, albeit briefly. For example, as well as a martyr to Henrys regime responsibilities with his usual skill, but doubtless prudence. As favorable to the kings annulment meant that he was Dean of Exeter and Wimborne,. 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